Category Archives: History

Far Corners — Seldom Seen Places in the Land of Lakes

Seldom seen places, from forgotten settlements in
northern Klamath and Lake counties to “Ghosts” of Crater Lake National Park and the Tri-Corners area where the states of Oregon, California and Nevada come together are featured in the newly released 2020 Journal of the Shaw Historical Library.

“Far Corners: Seldom Seen Places in the Land of the Lakes,”
features stories by a variety of authors about settlements and
communities that were or, in some cases, exist with small populations.

“We tried to include important historical sites, such as railroad
stops, stagecoach stops, boat landings, military camps and ranches that played a noteworthy role in the development of the area,” Lawrence Powers writes in the introduction, which also includes a listing of 195 communities in the 11 counties in four states that are part of the Shaw’s “Land of the Lakes.”

Far Northern California is represented in stories about Picard, Clear Lake, Tionesta and Long Bell Camp and the Madeline Plains communities of Madeline, Termo and Ravendale by a variety of authors, including Powers, Ryan Bartholomew, Sylvia Copeland and Ron Hathaway.

The far Northern Klamath County communities of Mowich, Crescent Lake and Shevlin are featured in a trio of articles by John Driscoll while Stephen Mark, the historian for Crater Lake National Park, tells about “ghosts” at the park and writes about historic places in Malheur County.

Marie Lee, a Lakeview author of several historical non-fiction books who also is the Lake County Museum director, provides information about such little-known North Lake County settlements as Cliff, Arrow, Buffalo, Connley, Fleetwood, Viewpoint, Loma Vista and more. A separate story
features Valley Falls.

A comprehensive history of commercial uranium mines that were located near Lakeview is provided by Michelle Durant, an archeologist for the Fremont-Winema National Forest.

Adding a unique perspective about Wagontire is Larry Wagner. His mother, Vera Addington Wagner, was born and lived at the community located between Lakeview and Burns.

Providing insight about Camp Warner, an Army post that originated at what is now the Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge, is Dan Goheen while author John Griffin provides little-known details about the gunfight at the Shirk Ranch. Steve Kandra writes about the Civilian Conservation Corp’s Camp Klamath.

Stories by Lee Juillerat tell about Pla-ik-ni, the ancestral home of the late Edison Chiloquin, along with Hardin City and Lowell Jones’ memories of the Long-Bell logging camp and community of Tennant.

A goal of the Journal is to provide information on places people may or may not have heard about or visited. As Powers writes, “many small unincorporated communities thrive. A few have become famous as gateways to tourist attractions and events … some have persisted as stable communities without the benefit of an economic magnet, and other flourished for a brief time and disappeared.”

Copies of “Far Corners” are available at the Klamath County Museum and Basin Book Trader in Klamath Falls, Modoc County Museum in Alturas, Country Hearth in Cedarville, Howard’s Drugs in Lakeview, Margie’s Book Nook in Susanville or by contacting the Shaw Historical Library by email at shawlib@oit.edu or by calling 541-85-1686.

Franz Nelson, One of Many

Dr. McCash’s bill for tending to Franz Nelson

We may never know much about Frederick “Franz” Nelson, a Swede, and he was far from an isolated case. He appeared on the scene in Big Valley in 1879. Like a lot of others, he struggled on a day to day basis just to get by, working as a day laborer for anyone who would hire him for a task.

When Nelson suffered from general Dropsy, he became Lassen County’s resonsibility as an indigent to take care of him. Unable to care for himself was taken Adin and housed in the Modoc Hotel, as was customary then, there being no other option available. S.C. Moers, the proprietor billed Lassen County for board and nursing at a dollar a day for sixteen days, until Nelson’s passing on January 30, 1880. Dr. C.A. McCash, also of Adin submitted bills for Nelson’s care, but also the cost to bury him in the Adin Cemetery.

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The Gallatin Land Exchange

South shore of Eagle Lake, circa 1920—Wyn Wachhorst

By the late 1920s Malvena Gallatin rarely visited the lake and John and Alberta Christie, who operated the Eagle Lake Resort became caretakers of her summer home.

In 1944, Malvena’s only grandchild Norma Virginia Harvey Wacchorst passed away. Gallatin House, in essence was built for Norma and when she was growing up in the late 1910s would spend the summers at the lake with her grandmother. It was Christmas 1944 that Melvena returned to spend a lonely holiday at Gallatin House.

Then something unexpectedly happened. On February 1, 1946 Malvena sold all of her Eagle Lake property, except a 1.96 acre parcel that the Gallatin House was situated on to the Lassen Lumber & Box Company for an estimated $100,000. This alarmed Lassen National Forest officials. After all, who knew what the lumber company’s intention were. Would they log it, or even worse develop it in such a fashion the public would never have access to the lake. The forest service contacted Lassen Lumber & Box about a land exchange for the property. By summer an agreement had been reached and on August 27, 1946 a deed executed transferring the Gallatin property of the forest service. Lassen Lumber & Box were allowed to harvest nearly 14,000, 000 board feet, and the company, in addition received over $500,000 of timber in the deal.

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The Gallatin House Effect

Gallatin House. Courtesy of Wyn Wachhorst

In August 1913 construction began on Malvena Gallatin’s summer home at the southeast corner of Eagle Lake. Who knew how such a humble event would have such a wide ranging impact for a large swath of Lassen County. It was also in that same year that Red Bluff resident Leon Bly was involved in a campaign for a highway to connect Red Bluff to Susanville. Malvena, of course, supported the project as it would make it easier for her to travel to Eagle Lake. The following year, Malvena invited Bly to her summer home. It should be noted Bly was a civil engineer.

Since the 1870s the water level of Eagle Lake steadily increased. Beginning at the same time, there were schemes to tap the lake for irrigation in the Honey Lake Valley. Malvena wanted Bly’s opinion if the project was feasible. Malvena’s concern was the lake level was now encroaching on her timber land, killing the trees. Bly would not only do an exhaustive study of the project, but would develop and implement an entire irrigation system. n 1923, Bly’s tunnel and irrigation system was completed and within five years it was a failure forcing many farmers who invested in it to bankruptcy and the Bank of America took over the Lassen Industrial Bank that was on verge of collapse from effects on the loans to those same farmers. Of course, the lake level dropped substantially that nearly ruined the lake. Thus, the legacy of the Gallatin House, Eagle Lake’s first summer home.

Gallatin House. Courtesy of Wyn Wachhorst

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Tomorrow how Gallatin Beach became public property.

Gallatin Beach, Eagle Lake

Gallatin Beach and Peak, July 1960.

Long before Gallatins appeared on the scene the south shore of Eagle Lake was a popular gathering place during the summer. A perfect example appeared in the columns of the Lassen Advocate newspaper of July 11, 1874: “Quite a number of our citizens spent their fourth at Eagle Lake, where they had fine times, fishing, hunting, sailing, etc.”

On August 1, 1886, Sacramento businessman, Albert Gallatin purchased 165 acres on Eagle Lake’s south shore from George Nelson for $400. In the next two years Gallatin would purchase 4,962 acres in the Eagle Lake basin, owning not quite all the shoreline property what we refer to today as Eagle’s Nest to Bucks Point. The property was used for summer livestock grazing in-conjunction with a ranch he owned in Tehama County.

Eagle Lake Campers, circa 1916—D.M. Durst

Fast forward to 1913, Gallatin’s widow, Malvena built the first summer home at Eagle Lake, which is now part of Camp Ronald McDonald. Malvena had entertained from time to time either lease camp sites or other developments at the south shore, but never followed through. In July 1924 Malevna wrote to Lassen County officials to protest a proposed timber tax: “The public has been allowed access to these lands for camping, bathing, boating, and fishing at all times. The Gallatin Beach and a large part of the shoreline property has been used for years by the public. It might be called a public playground.”

Tomorrow the Gallatin House Effect

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Some One Has A Keen Eye

log train Camp B
Train load of logs leaving Camp B, Fruit Growers Supply Company, 1922

A reader noticed recently the logs depicted above where on railroad flat cars belonging to the Red River Lumber Company. Fruit Growers found it to be more economical to lease flat cars from the Southern Pacific Railroad, who transported the same from Westwood Junction to the Fruit Grower’s mill in Susanville. Fruit Growers initial operations in the early 1920s, experienced a flat car shortage with Southern Pacific. Red River being a good neighbor obliged to provide Fruit Growers with flat cars until the matter could be resolved with Southern Pacific.

Another point I might add, the above was not a typical load of logs. These type of images, are common among lumber companies. They were used to show investors, bankers and the lot the most premium logs, to show them where the money was being spent. In Fruit Growers case, this photograph would be published in a portfolio to show the citrus growers where their money was used to provide them wooden boxes to ship citrus.

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Hog Flat Reservoir

Hog Flat Reservoir, April 1940. Courtesy of Lola L. Tanner

Note: With Hog fire raging out of control just west of Susanville. I went into the archives to retrieve a past post on the origin of Hog Flat Reservoir. Normally, Tuesday is a dark day for the daily post, this is an exception.

Constructed in 1889 as part of Benjamin Leavitt’s expanding reclamation enterprise and now part of the Lassen Irrigation District. Lassen National Forest Service Supervisor, A. G. Brenneis, wrote an article about the origin of its name that was published in the California Ranger, August 1938: “Many years ago the residents of Honey Lake Valley joined together to start the Susan River Irrigation District and, as a first step, began the construction of the dams at the present sites of Hog Flat and McCoy Flat Reservoirs. The first winter this country received heavy storms and as a result the dam at Hog Flat was destroyed. The entire meadow, which should have been a lake was covered with a rank growth of vegetation and in order to salvage something from the reservoir, the farmers of the district banded together, placed a huge herd of hogs on the meadow, fattened them, and made some money to repay them for the loss of the dam. Ever since then the reservoir has carried its name of Hog Flat.”

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Did You Know?

Cinder Cone, 1967—National Park Service

While Lassen Volcanic National Park is known for its many hydrothermal features, and of course, Lassen Peak as a volcano. Many visitors and area residents are not aware that inside the park, there is not only the Lassen Peak volcano, but more. What is unique is there are four different types of volcanoes in the park. To me that is amazing to have such in a small area.

We begin with Prospect Peak, shield volcano, a broad dome with sloping sides. Next is Brokeoff Mountain, which is unique in the fact it is a remnant of ancient Mount Tehama. This is what is known as a composite volcano—conical shape buildup of many layers of lava and ash. Cinder Cone derives its name as a cinder cone volcano that was formed when a single vent violently shoots gas charged lava into the air and falls back as cinder rock. Last but not least, is Lassen Peak. It is one of the largest plug dome volcanoes in the world. Its formed by slow moving lava and bulbous formation.

There is your geology lesson for the day, enjoy your surroundings!

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THE STRANGE Fate of Isadore Meyerwitz

In 1987 an informal regatta was held on Honey Lake.

In 1849, a Russian Jew by name of Isadore Meyerwitz journeyed to San Francisco from Alabama. Within a year’s time he became acquainted with Peter Lassen. Somewhere along the line, he married an Indian woman, whose name and from what tribe is not known.

Meyerwitz was among the first settlers in the Honey Lake Valley and in 1856 filed a land claim near where Baxter Creek enters Honey Lake. In July 1856, Meyerwitz along with a fellow by the name of Sailor Jack decided to build a sail boat out of a wagon box. It was a a crude affair and some suggested they were crazy to actually launch it. The advice was ignored and Meyerwitz with his wife, Sailor Jack, George Lathrop, R.J. Scott and Daniel Reed decided to take the craft on Honey Lake. They were victimized by strong gusty winds, causing the boat to capsize. Members of the party clung to the boat. Lathrop eventually let go to make an attempt to swim back to shore. After swimming as far as he could, Lathrop gave up in exhaustion. To his amazement when he stopped, he was able to stand up and discovered the water was only waist deep.

Meyerwitz and his wife drowned. They wore themselves out trying to cling to the boat. They could not swim and gave up in despair. Reed, Scott and Sailor Jack survived the incident when the boat drifted ashore. A search party formed a few days later to look for the two missing bodies along the shoreline, but they were never found.

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Diamond Mountain Mining Revival

Lassen Mail, July 3, 1931

Mining goes through cycles, especially prone to boom and bust episodes. Gold mining on Diamond Mountain was no exception. Very little activity was done from World War I through the 1920s. During the depression of the 1930s, jobs and money were scarce. An interest in the abandoned mines on Diamond Mountain came to the forefront. The first venture was Diamond Mountain Mines, Inc., a group of Susanville businessmen. This company focused on seven different old mines. Others, too, would join in the mining frenzy there during the 1930s. While no one was getting rich, money was made. In 1942, a presidential Executive Order put a halt on gold mining during World War II.

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