Tag Archives: Politics

Koken For Assessor

Koken’s politcal hand out card

This is an accidental post, if there ever was one. Last December while in the garage to work on the Triumph, this came out of the owner’s manual. How it found its way there I do not know. Several months later  while researching a 1926 topic, is when I stumbled across where Elmer Koken was a candidate for Lassen County Assessor.

In 1891, Koken came to the Honey Lake Valley from over the mountain from Taylorsville. He was involved in many activities  and at one time managed the Standish Creamery. He entered politics in 1922 and was elected District Three, Lassen County Board of Supervisors. Four years later, he set his sights higher, instead of running for re-election as Supervisor, in March 1926 he took out papers to run for Lassen County Assessor. He was soon followed by Milford resident, Lyman Stiles. Next to enter the race was Frank Wemple. During the primary, the race was whittled down to two—Koken and Wemple. In the general election, Frank Wemple was victor, who would be re-elected to four additional terms. While Koken lost the election, he eventually found employment with Lassen County as its first Purchasing Agent.

Tim

 

The Roop Land Register

Moses Mason was the second claim recorded in Roop’s Land Register. He settled on present day Susanville Ranch Park and referred to Piute Creek as Smith’s Creek.

In the spring of 1856, with settlers arriving in the Honey Lake Valley they realized they needed to form some type of self-government. They did not believe they were part of California and did not want to be a part of the Utah Territory, there was no Nevada then. On April 26, 1856 a group of twenty-men assembled to form the Territory of Nataqua.

As to land matters, any male twenty-one years or older could claim 640 acres of land to be recorded with the Recorder, which Isaac Roop assumed that role. A number of claims had vague descriptions. Whatever, the case may be, it worked for them. In 1857, some individuals began documenting their claims or the sale of such in the form of a deed with the Plumas County Recorder. By 1859, a few hardy souls ventured all the way to Marysville to file a claim with the United States Government Land Office, the nearest one available. By 1861, the Roop Land Register was rarely used.

When Lassen County was formed in 1864, the original County Board of Supervisors did something unique. They paid Plumas County to transcribe all land transactions of Honey Lake and Long Valleys prior to the formation of the county.  This is why Book A. Deeds, Lassen County starts in 1857.

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Lassen County Courthouse Square

Lassen County Courthouse and Hall of Records, 1908–David Zoller

On June 18, 1864, the County of Lassen purchased Block 22, in Susanville for $100 from Isaac Roop. It was the only block on the south side of Main Street that was not subdivided into lots. It should be noted that many lots on Main Street sold for more than $100. In many ways it was a fair price. It did contain a stipulation that should the county no longer use it for a courthouse that the property would revert to Roop or his heirs. This was not unusual, as a number of school properties such as Lake and Willow Creek contained such stipulations, but when those properties were no longer used for their original purpose the stipulation was ignored. However, in the late 1970s Lassen County acquired property on North Mesa Street, in Susanville, as a possible new County complex site. When the courthouse stipulation was revealed it brought about some palace intrigue, especially since heirs of Roop still resided in the community. However, the Mesa Street proposal would be abandoned, thus ending that debate. The county could have challenged that stipulation and would have won, because Roop never owned the property in the first place. More about that later.

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The Sagebrush War Simplified

Roop's Fort
Roop’s Fort, 1940s

From time to time, I am asked about the Sagebrush War. While there are various accounts that go into great detail—even one person wrote a thesis about it—I will provide a simple version.  The conflict also known as the Boundary War which was the result of John C. Fremont’s selection in 1850 of the 120th Meridian for California’s eastern boundary. The problem was no one knew where that was, and assumed it followed the crest of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. In the late 1850s, with the settlement of the Honey Lake Valley, officials of both California and the Nevada Territory, saw the uncollected tax dollars waiting to be had. Tensions escalated wherein an armed conflict on February 15, 1863 from the two states took place at Roop’s old trading post, in Susanville, which became dubbed as Roop’s Fort, but also known as Fort Defiance. In the end a truce was called when both sides agreed to conduct a boundary line survey to locate the 120th Meridian, in which it was determined the majority of the Honey Lake Valley was located in California. The outcome for the Honey Lakers was a draw, while they failed to become a part of Nevada, they at least prevailed with  the creation of Lassen County.

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The Never Sweat Name Enduring Legacy

In 1964, Tex proclaimed he was the one time caretaker of Never Sweat Mine.

 For whatever reason, the Honey Lakers embraced the monicker of Never Sweats.  By the 1870s, visitors and new residents were perplexed by this name and some of them attempted to decipher its meaning.  In 1878, one writer, who used the pseudonym of Rover, observed what a Never Sweat was not.  “Honey Lakers are here designated Never Sweats.

Why not because of laziness, sickness or old age, nor previous
condition of servitude, not for lack of possession of time or money; not from any physical imperfections, imaginary or real.  It is no doubt a political or religious peculiarity.”

The term would drift in and out like the tides. However, when Asa Fairfield published his Pioneer History of Lassen County in 1916, he proclaimed Honey Lake Valley as the Land of the Never Sweats forever cementing the name in the area’s history. Since then, numerous organizations have used that name, and in 2000 in part of the City of Susanville’s Centennial used the slogan of Land of the Never Sweats.

Neversweats chartering festivities at the Pioneer, August 4, 1984.

There is, of course, a landmark the Never Sweat Hills in eastern Honey Lake Valley on the Nevada side. Hopefully, one fine day I will make out there. It has best example of the lakeshore terrace effect from the receding waters of the ancient inland sea known as Lake Lahontan. Another feature near there, worth exploring again is Max’s Masoleum—another story for another time.

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The origins of the Never Sweat Name

 
Unionville, Nevada, 1880—Nevada Historical Society

Whether you are an old timer, or a recent arrival, Honey Lake Valley is referred to the “Land of the Never Sweats.” Surprisingly, very few are aware of the origin of the name and its meaning. So as a public service I provide you with my research findings, that a visit to a museum in Victoria, British Columbia and some library research at Twin Falls, Idaho provided the following revelation.

For starters, it was an obscure mining term of the early 1860s.  To be a Never Sweat was considered to be a non-conformist.  In Nevada, for instance, one could hold an interest in a mining claim and not work it.  One could wait for others to prove the claim.  Should the prospects be favorable, the Never Sweat could recover his interest by paying an advance on the accumulated costs.  In 1865, Nevada passed an “Act for the Encouragement of Mining.”  That change in laws abolished the practice of a Never Sweat and the term faded into oblivion, with the exception of the bestowment on the Honey Lakers.

It was the Honey Lakers who used the Never Sweat practice in the political arena.  A perfect example was in 1860, when the Honey Lakers petitioned California Governor M.S. Latham, requesting military assistance during the Pyramid Lake Indian War.  Yet, at the same time, they refused to pay California taxes, claiming they were a part of the Utah Territory.
   

By 1863, the Honey Lakers were designated as the Never Sweats.  The Humboldt Register of Unionville, Nevada of June 27, 1863, wrote about the Honey Lakers at the Prince Royal Mining District:  “It is surpassing strange that these hard working callous backed gentlemen should answer the honest inquiry with a sneer and say there was a place somewhere in the mountains by the name of Prince Royal, but so little repute they had actually forgotten it for the moment. . .Because they were owned by a parcel of Honey Lake ‘never-sweats’!  Ha! Ha! What a pity.”

Tomorrow: The terms enduring legacy

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Susanville, Nevada – 1952

Smoke Creek Desert
Smoke Creek Desert looking towards Sheepshead, fall, 1977

In the spring of 1952, another Nevada annexation movement sprung to life. In this particular instant it involved annexing Lassen, Modoc and Plumas counties to the Battle Born state.

An intrepid reporter of Susanville’s Lassen Advocate did an informal survey of talking to people one day to get a feeling. Interesting the responses were divided. Here is a sampling of a few:

Opal Proffitt, “I don’t I’d like be in Nevada. I don’t like the idea of gambling. Mrs. James Hodges stated that it feels like we are a part of Nevada and had no objections. George Lovell “I’d like to belong to Nevada myself. They have no debt and think we’d all be benefitted.”. Norman Vornado “I would be against it. I am a teacher and the pay in that field is far below California’s rate.” William Blackmer “I think we’re a part of California and we’d better stay there. Finally, J.F. McGrath “We need to protect Lassen’s virtue, with annexation there would be wide open gambling.”

So it goes, just another failed annexation movement.

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Speeder’s Rejoice

Childs
A 1931 car caravan at Child’s Meadows on the way to the Lassen Park dedication. B.R. Zimmerman collection

On August 14, 1931, California raised the speed limit on state highways from 40 to 45 miles per hour. How quaint. Driving in residential districts also changed from 20 mph to 25 mph. School zones still remained the same at 15 mph. One other interesting change was that of the minimum age to obtain a driver’s license. It went from 14 years of age to 16.

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A Different Era

Wiencke’s petition for the courthouse janitors job.

There was a time, albeit, a long time ago, when many county jobs were appointed by the Lassen County Board of Supervisors.* One of the “plum” county appointed jobs was that of the courthouse janitor and with it sexton of the nearby Susanville Cemetery..

*One of the more interesting political appointment positions on a national scale that effected the local level was that of postmaster. Postmasters changed whenever there was change of United States Presidents party affiliation. Not much for job security if you were local postmaster appointed by a Democratic President, you were out of a job when a Republican was elected, or vice versa not implying a specific political preference.

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It’s Election Day

Lassen County Courthouse, October 1924–Boyd Benham/Connie Boomer

It is Election Day so hope every one votes. Having been a former election official, I can attest there is a great deal of work that goes on behind the scene  to put on election.

Anyhow, something a little off topic for those political junkies. In December 1938, Senator Edmund R. Burke, of Nebraska introduced a constitutional amendment wherein it would limit future presidents of the United States to one six-year term. It was not a new idea. Burke cited that the Democratic national convention in 1912 placed a plank in its platform calling for a single term. Burke stated, “Six years would be sufficient for a president to place his program into operation. Such a term would remove the president, immediately upon his induction into office from consideration of a second term and could concentrate this energies.” In conclusion, Burke noted, it would remove the president from a dual responsibility—as the head of the nation and as head of the party which elected him.

Tim